Comparative approach of the fauna diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates in a stream on ferralitic soil and equatorial climate at 2 seasons in Cameroon (Central Africa)

In order to determine the structure of benthic macroinvertebrates fauna in relation with some environmental factors, a study was carried out Esoa river at Nkongsamba Littoral region Cameroon from January 2021 2022. Physico-chemical parameters were measured according APHA and Rodier recommendations, while sampling done multihabitat approach monthly frequency. The physico-chemical analyses revealed very good oxygenation water, tendency neutrality for pH (7.79±0.8 UC) low constant temperature (22.61±1.83 °C). BMI count showed 3732 individuals, including 4 phyla, 6 classes, 14 orders 69 families over 80 species. Besides, class insects, particular Odonata, supplanted fauna. 2 3 stations recorded highest relative abundance (37.43% 36.99% respectively) predominance pollutant taxa, notably Chironomidae, Physidae, Tubificidae Lumbricidae. On other hand, 1 station, (25.56%), more diversified dominated by polluosensitive Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera Trichoptera. high values Sӧrensen similarity index (65.62%) faunal stations. Shannon Weaver diversity (4.6 bits/ind) indicated reflecting ecological status waters stream.